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Electrical connector, zano zvokubatanidza nemagetsi nematunhu chete (dzimwe nguva kuzivikanwa zvengarava, plugs, kana interfaces). Tine connectors pakubhadhara zvose, kusanganisira D-pazasi, internet optic, motokari, dzeraundi, makaseti video, RF, Telecom, simba, uye USB. Nesuwo kutakura guru pakusarudza connector zviteshi uye chinouraya zvinogumbura, uyewo backshells uye nenhumbi pakubhadhara zvose.

XIDA Electronics tenga guru pakusarudza ndangariro machipisi, makadhi, uye kushandiswa ndangariro modules zvose chikumbiro, kusanganisira ROM chips RAM uye DRAM Chips ose akasiyana-siyana, Flash makadhi, FIFO, ndangariro modules uye zvakawanda.

Ronga chinzvimbo, mashoko bhazi upamhi, kuwana nguva, uchishandisa voltage, kavha, mbambo count uye zvakawanda. Find ndangariro zvinogadzirwa kuti vakasiyana-siyana inowanikwa mhando uye verenga / nyora mashandiro kunoda, kusanganisira twi ndangariro zvinoriumba. We Stock ndangariro zvigadzirwa dzakakodzerana servers, pachake kadambari, dzinogarwa, wezvokutengeserana uye maindasitiri mafomu, uye zvakawanda.

A programmable pfungwa mudziyo (PLD) ndiyo wemagetsi zvinoriumba kushandiswa kuvaka reconfigurable digitaalinen matunhu. Kusiyana suwo pfungwa, iro rine yakamisirwa basa, mumwe PLD ane Undefined mashandiro panguva gadzira. Pamberi PLD inogona kushandiswa redunhu zvinofanira chiite, ndiko, reconfigured.

Power Kutarisira revatema nematunhu (simba Kutarisira ICs kana PMICs kana PMU sezvo chikwata) vari Integrated nematunhu (kana hurongwa nechigumbuso ari ezvinhu-on-a-Chip mudziyo) kuderedza simba zvinodiwa vehondo hurongwa. Saka PMIC rinoreva zvakasiyana-siyana machipisi, zvisinei vakawanda anosanganisira zvimwe zvigadzirwa simba yokutendeutsa uye / kana akakodzera simba kudzora mabasa. A PMIC rinowanzoshandiswa mune bhatiri michina mano akadai maserura uye inotakurika vezvenhau vatambi kutapudzwa uwandu nzvimbo inodiwa.

An analoginen Chip ari kutaridza vakasiyana yemagetsi analoginen nematunhu aumba pasi chete nhindi semiconductor zvokunyama.
The voltage uye pari panguva chaiyo pfungwa mumatunhu ose analoginen Chips siyana akaramba munguva. Kusiyana neizvi, digitaalinen Chips chete kushandisa nokusika voltages kana dzenzvimbo panguva discrete mumatunhu, pasina zvenguva tsika. Kuwedzera Transistors, analoginen Chips kazhinji yakakura dzinoverengeka pusa zvinhu (Inductor / Capacitors / Resistors) pane digitaalinen Chips yemanyorero kuita. Inductors vanowanzotevedzera kudziviswa nokuda kwavo guru kukura, uye transistor uye capacitor pamwechete kuita basa inductor. (Kana nzira iri rinoshandiswa nenzira CFL, wawana yemagetsi kutsigisa igwa.)
Analog Chips vanogona dzinewo digitaalinen pfungwa zvinhu kutsiva vamwe analoginen kushanda, kana kuti kubvumira Chip kutaura imwe microprocessor. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, uye sezvo pfungwa unonyanyozivikanwa chinozoiswa kushandisa CMOS zvigadzirwa, machipisi izvi vanoshandisa BiCMOS pezvakaitwa nemakambani akadai Freescale, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics nevamwe. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sezvo vakavhengana chiratidzo kubudiswa uye rinobvumira anogadzira kuti nokupinza zvakawanda Unoshanda ari chip. Zvimwe zvakanakira zvinosanganisira mutoro dziviriro, kwakaderedza zvikamu kuverenga uye yakakwirira rakavimbika.
Kwakachena analoginen Chips ari mashoko kubudiswa zvave kunyanya kutsiviwa digitaalinen Chips. Analog Chips zvichiri zvinodiwa wideband anonongedzera nekuda zvakabudiswa exchange zvinodiwa, mukuru simba zvikumbiro uye panguva transducer interfaces. Research uye maindasitiri mumunda unoramba uchikura uye vachibudirira. Mienzaniso refu refu uye inozivikanwa analoginen chip ndivo 741 Operational gudzazwi, uye 555 timer.
Power zvitengeswa Chips vari kuonekwa analoginen Chips. Chinangwa chavo chikuru ndechokuti chokubudisa zvakanaka yaidzorwa goho voltage anopa mamwe Chips munyika. Sezvo zvose zvemagetsi gadziriro zvinoda magetsi simba, simba wedzerai ICs PMICs chinokosha avo hurongwa.

In zvemagetsi uye magetsi engineering, mumwe fiyuzi chinhu zvemagetsi kuchengeteka mudziyo anoshanda kugovera pamusoro kudzivirira kuitika ane mudunhu magetsi. Chinoumba Its zvinokosha resimbi waya kana zviuno kuti inonyunguduka kana yakawandisa kuitika runoyerera nemazviri, nokudaro kukanganisa matsva. Zviri zano rwokuzvibayira; kamwe fiyuzi akaita vakavhiyiwa chiri mudunhu rakashama, uye inofanira kutsiviwa kana rewired, zvichienderana mhando.
Fuses zvave sokukosha kuchengeteka mano kubva pamazuva zvemagetsi okugadzira mangwanani. Nhasi kune zviuru akasiyana fiyuzi mazano vane chaiyo kuitika uye voltage ratings, nokuputsa vanokwanisa uye mhinduro nguva, zvichienderana kushanda. The nguva uye kuitika anodawo maitiro fuses vakasarudzwa kudzivirira zvakakwana pasina basa akatevedzana. Wiring mitemo kazhinji ndeakaita kunonyanyisa fiyuzi kuitika Rating kuti zvikuru matunhu. Pfupi matunhu, overloading, mismatched mitoro, kana zano kukundikana muri mukuru zvikonzero fiyuzi oparesheni.
A fiyuzi chinhu zvaitika nzira kubvisa simba kubva hunonyengera hurongwa; kazhinji rakapfupikiswa kuti Ads (Automatic Disconnection pamusoro Supply). Dunhu namapoporodzi inogona rakashandiswa serimwe rinogona kutsiva design mhinduro fuses, asi vane maitiro yakasiyana.

An gudzazwi ndiyo wemagetsi kuti awedzere amplitude ane zvemagetsi chiratidzo. Vari muboka iri kuremekedza kuti kugona kwavo kuti zvinobudirira kuatsanangura kana munhu voltage kana kuitika chiyamuro chiratidzo. A voltage gudzazwi anotowedzera kumukomborera mazano voltage anonongedzera uye pave yakakura goho voltage. Current amplifiers, aizivikanwawo transimpedance amplifiers, kuona dzenzvimbo panguva zvinoshandisa pakurima, uye goho imwe voltage kuti mutoro. Transconductance uye Transresistance Amplifiers swap izvi - ane chiyamuro voltage kana ano kunobereka makuru goho kuitika kana voltage azvaitwa.

Imwe pfungwa waivako parameter ane gudzazwi raro linearity, kana kukwanisa wayo zvakarurama kumiririra mazano pamwe chete chimiro chiratidzo panguva achazoburuka panguva goho. Other anokosha kuita parameters zvinosanganisira akauraya zvazvingava, kakawanda mhinduro, ruzha, uye fuma bandwidth.

Amplifiers dzinoiswa sezvo A, AB, B, C, D uye E. The kirasi rinomiririra uwandu kushanduka ane goho chiratidzo ane pamusoro mumwe kutenderera kana mazano ari sinusoidal waveform. The zvakawanda Linear ane gudzazwi ndiko, rezasi yacho kusarurama chigadzirwa. Kirasi A ndicho Linear uye neboka C ndiye muduku Linear. Kirasi C haasi akakodzera ekuteerera mafomu uye yemanyorero rinoshandiswa zvinhu zvakafanana RF zvinotakura. Classes D uye E vari nokuchinja amplifiers kuti anogona kushandisa redunhu goho matanho ane harmonic resonators, vakawanda wedzerai njanji nokuchinja, kwokurumbidza goho unyanzvi, uye PWM uye Delta-Sigma vachisiyanisa inzwi kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye vakiridza mazano waveform panguva goho.

A keyswitch mufananidzo chinja duku inoshandiswa makiyi pamusoro keyboards. Ikozvino ava kunyanya kubva kushandiswa nokuda vakawanda keyboards ano kushandisa mapepa epurasitiki pamwe nevanhu pamusoro pavo
chinja Key rinoshandiswawo kurondedzera chinja wakashanda kubudikidza kiyi, kazhinji kushandiswa gororo aramu matunhu. A motokari kuvesa ariwo chinja kwaiita.

Relays vari electromechanical haizoshandisi zvinogona actuated nemunhu zvemagetsi chiratidzo pane manually okutanga kana nokuvhara chinja. chiratidzo duku iyi anoita somunhu wesuo kuti yakakura magetsi chiratidzo. Kugona kuita shoma-simba kudzora mukuru-simba mureza ndizvo zvinoita kuti vakadaro vakakurumbira magetsi zvinoriumba.

Transistors ndiwo-chinouraya matatu namano kuti inogona kuitwa muna nechirwere mhesano (BJT) chimiro, kana kupfuura rinowanzogamuchirwa sezvo kwokurumbidza simbi-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS). Zvasikwa ne yakabatana N-mhando uye peji-mhando semiconductors mu kana ari PNP kana NPN configuration. Yemanyorero mumwe voltage rinoshandisirwa suwo chinouraya kubvumira kuitika iyerere kubudikidza mudziyo apo transistor mashandiro zvakafanana kuti chinja. Ivo zvinoshandiswa digitaalinen gadziriro ezvidzidzo pamasuo pfungwa uye chitoro Data. Analog matunhu kuzvishandisa kusika amplifiers uye oscillators.

A diode ari maviri-chinouraya mudziyo aripo kwese S.-mhando uye N-mhando semiconductors vari adjoined kune mumwe zvakananga. Kushandisa zvakanaka voltage kuti anode haazorambi kubereka chero chinokosha rikaparadzirwa kusvikira diode wacho pachikumbaridzo voltage iri kupfuura. Kamwe pachikumbaridzo voltage iri kupfuura kuitika vachabvumirwa iyerere kubva anode kusvika cathode asi diode achava kuvhara ano iyerere kubva cathode kusvika anode pasi ezvinhu akawanda. Ivo zvinoshandiswa AC-DC transformers, maredhiyo, Electro-kunofambira mberi buditsa (ESD) nematunhu, sezvo chiedza manyuko, etc.

Tine resistors nokuda mafomu ose kusanganisira kuroorwa pamusoro pegomo, kuroorwa kuburikidza gomba, dzemwenje, potentiometers uye rheostats, uyewo siyana Kits, network uye arrays, uye dzimwe nenhumbi.

A resistor chinhu pusa zvemagetsi pakuderedza kuti ichikutadzisa kana anoita chekubuda zvemagetsi kuitika kuburikidza dunhu. The kuitika rinowanikwa Via mutemo Ohm kuti: V = vaIri. Kupikiswa kukosha, kushivirira, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange kupisa coefficient inogona tsunga nokuverenga ruvara code, zvinoratidzwa dzinotevedzana mavara zvisungo kurutivi rokuti.

Resistors zvinogona kushandiswa kushomeka ichangobuda chokubuda kuburikidza diode uye kubvisa hutachiwana mutsetse uye kudzivirira pfungwa. Vaviri vanogona kushandiswa pave voltage mugoveri inobereka ive goho voltage Proportional ari kuramba tsika. A mukuru-chinangwa chiyamuro / goho (GPIO) transceiver anogona kuva kwayo goho wakaratidzwa hombe muedzo-kana kudhonza-pasi resistor kuti overridden kana GPIO anova kushingaira.

Resistors vakasikwa kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana nezvinhu, kusanganisira kabhoni ematongerwo, carbon firimu, simbi firimu, uye waya ronda. Consumer Electronics inoda kuti diki uye chaiwo, nepo maindasitiri mafomu kungada kuti vanokwanisa achinyangarika yakawanda nesimba, saka vanoguma ari makuru.

A bhaza kana beeper chinhu Audio zvichikurukura mudziyo, izvo zvinogona zvemaziso, electromechanical, kana piezoelectric (piezo kuti pfupi). Paine runowanzoitika buzzers uye beepers zvinosanganisira aramu mano, timers, nokusimbisa User chiyamuro akadai mbeva watinya kana keystroke.
Mukurukuri wacho electromechanical mudziyo unobereka inzwi. Unosanganisira Computer mutauri, Digital mutauri, Electrostatic gudzanzwi, Full-zvenguva mutauri, Horn gudzanzwi, gudzanzwi, Magnetostatic gudzanzwi uye zvichingodaro.
Maikorofoni chiri simba convert kuti vatendeuki ruzha anonongedzera kupinda zviratidzo zvemagetsi.

Wemagetsi bhatiri riri mudziyo zvinosanganisira mumwe kana kupfuura masero electrochemical ne zvimwewo kwokubatana inopiwa kune simba nemagetsi mano zvakadai matochi, smartphones, uye mota yemagetsi.
Batteries kuuya zvitarisiko zhinji uye hukuru, kubva vakasiyana masero kushandiswa simba kunzwa zvinoyamura uye wristwatches kuti matete masero duku, anoshandiswa smartphones, kuti hombe kutungamirira asidhi mabhatiri akashandiswa motokari uye marori, uye panguva kupfuura mwero, makuru bhatiri mabhanga kukura makamuri zvinopa standby kana zvashata simba kuti runhare exchanges uye kombiyuta date nzvimbo.

Capacitors vari kungotarisa zvemagetsi pakuderedza pamwe zviteshi zviviri kuti ndiunganidze remagetsi simba ari muchimiro wemagetsi munda. Zviteshi chokuita maviri ndiro conductive kuti vane dielectric zvinhu pakati pavo. Anounganidza wemagetsi mutariri avo conductive pamahwendefa. The mhosva Mahwendefa akaparadzaniswa nokuda dielectric zvinhu kusika wemagetsi munda.

Capacitance ari parameter ane capacitor kuti inoratidza uwandu inochengeterwa yemagetsi mutariri kuti voltage rakapiwa kushandisirwa zviteshi zvayo. It unotaurwa farads (F). Somuenzaniso, doubling ari capacitance kaviri akachengetwa yemagetsi mutariri (nokuti kupiwa kugara voltage pa zviteshi).

Capacitors dzinoiswa kwakavakirwa mumuviri zambara-rukoko matatu kondakita dielectric kondakita mamiriro. Somuenzaniso, vaya vane simbi dielectric electrolyte zvokuvakisa dzinonzi electrolytic capacitors; simbi zvedongo simbi dzinonzi zvedongo capacitors, etc. Vari vasiri inobudisa anogona kwakabatana kana kuti akanaka kana akaipa voltage. Kana vari inobudisa zvinofanira chokuita zvakanaka voltage, pamwe zvakanaka chinouraya riri chiratidzo kavha.

A sekristaro oscillator ndiyo wemagetsi oscillator redunhu kuti anoshandisa zvokuimba resonance ane vibrating sekristaro pamusoro piezoelectric zvinhu kuti uvhure zvemagetsi Mureza chaiwo kwenguva. Maitikiro ichi inowanzoshandiswa arambe nguva, sezvakunoitwa Goldstone wristwatches, kupa yakatsiga wachi mureza digitaalinen Integrated mumatunhu, uye kudzikamisa frequencies kuti redhiyo zvinotakura uye vagamuchiri. Vakawanda mhando piezoelectric resonator kushandiswa ndiye Goldstone rekristaro, saka oscillator nematunhu pakusanganisirawo pavo akazozivikanwa nekristaro oscillators, asi vamwe piezoelectric zvinhu kusanganisira polycrystalline Ceramics zvinoshandiswa mumatunhu akafanana.
A sekristaro oscillator, kunyanya chimwe chakaitwa Goldstone sekristaro, anoshanda kuburikidza neramanyepo wemagetsi munda kana voltage rinoshandisirwa munhu electrode pedyo kana sekristaro. Pfuma iyi inozivikanwa electrostriction kana Ivan Kuchin piezoelectricity. Kana munda yabviswa, kuti Goldstone - iyo oscillates mune chaiwo maitikiro - zvinowanisa wemagetsi munda sezvo anodzokera ayo dzekare chimiro, uye izvi zvinogona vaunze mumwe voltage. Izvi ndechokuti Goldstone sekristaro haazvibati somunhu RLC vematunhu.
Goldstone crystals anogadzirwa kuti frequencies kubva shoma makumi ezviuru kilohertz kumazana megahertz. Crystals anopfuura mabhiriyoni maviri anogadzirwa gore negore. Most inoshandiswa nevatengi mano akadai wristwatches, nenguva yeko, maredhiyo, makombiyuta, uye cellphones. Goldstone crystals unowanikwa mukati bvunzo uye dzakaenzana zvokushandisa, zvakadai counter, chiratidzo emagetsi, uye oscilloscopes.

An inductor, anonziwo coils, kachidza kana reactor, ndiyo kungotarisa maviri-chinouraya zvemagetsi zvinoriumba kuti rinochengeta simba ari remagineti apo Magetsi runoyerera napo. An inductor unosanganisira ane insulated waya vanga kuva Coil dzakapoteredza core.

Magnetic marozari akagadzirirwa kudzvinyirira yakakwirira Frequency ruzha uye Spike chipingaidzo pamusoro chiratidzo pemitsara, simba pemitsara, uye kuva nemafungiro electrostatic pulses. Magnetic marozari anoshandiswa tibatsirwe UHF anonongedzera, akadai vamwe RF nematunhu, PLL, oscillating mumatunhu, uye Ultra yakakwirira Frequency ndangariro mumatunhu (DDRSDRAM, RAMBUS, etc.), izvo vanofanira kuwedzera rinobva marozari kuti mazano chikamu simba rive. The rinobva bead aine resistivity uye permeability, ndiro yakaenzana yakafanana nemishonga uye inductance, asi kurwisa kukosha uye inductance ukoshi zvinosiyana pamwe maitikiro.

Transformers inongova inductors maviri simba yakawiriranwa coupling pakati pavo. Step-pasi transformers kuderedza voltage kubva mazano simba panobva kuti amplitude riri shoma ngozi uye zvakawanda dzinoshanda mabhizimisi uye nemhuri. Step-up transformers kuwedzera voltage zvimwe zvokufambisa hutachiwana pamusoro refu simba mitsetse. Transformers kunokosha pakuparadzirwa AC simba.

XIDA zvemagetsi chaitwa pakupa kupfuura nzira itsva risingaperi vatengi yose zvakawanda zvakasiyana pamwe mutengo-zvinobudirira rwokugadzira zvinhu. isu vakabudirira raparurwa kune yose pawaitengesa digitaalinen multimeter, motokari zvishandiso, zvemagetsi kuvhenekwa mudziyo, kudzivirirwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye chafariz pachisara zvishandiso, kuchengeteka zvishandiso, mukuru tester nekuyera uye calibration zviridzwa uye digitaalinen okuchengetera oscilloscopes uye vamwe 10 zvakawanda mikuru Mapato ose zvigadzirwa, uye vanoramba kuti akatevedzana chigadzirwa diversification, uye zvakazara kutarisana zvinodiwa nevatengi zvakasiyana.

Sensors kazhinji kuwira rimwe anotevera mumapoka mana:
Pressure Switch
A Safety Switch yemanyorero anoyera kumanikidzwa negasi kana mvura mvura. Vanoshandira kupfurikidza generating wemagetsi Mureza somugumisiro kumanikidza kwakaita somunhu Zvaiitwa simba kunodiwa kuti kumisa Urume kana gasi kuwedzera. Pressure sensors tiri anowanzonzi kumanikidzwa transducers, kumanikidzwa zvinotakura, piezometers uye kumanikidzwa zviratidzo, nezvimwe mazita. Vari yaiwanzoshandiswa kuzvidzora uye kuongorora zvikumbiro.
Motion uye Chinzvimbo Sensors
A inofamba uye nzvimbo Switch rinobvumira kuti nokuyerwa chinzvimbo, kana mune Mhedziso mazwi (Mhedziso nzvimbo Switch), kana mune hama nemashoko (hama kana misha Switch). Motion kana chinzvimbo sensors anogona kuyera Linear chinzvimbo zano (Linear nzvimbo Switch), chisina kutsetseka nzvimbo kuchinja, uyewo multi-akabatana nzvimbo kuchinja. Pakati zvikuru nevanhu kushandiswa wearables uye Handheld IoT mano vari accelerometer uye gyroscope sensors.
Optical Sensors
Optical sensors exchange chiedza rinopenya, kana kuchinja chiedza, kupinda wemagetsi mureza kuti verengeka pedyo mudziyo. Sensors izvi, anonziwo photoelectric sensors, vari ipapo kukwanisa kuziva nezvokuvapo uye positional pamberi chinhu. Optical sensors anoshandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana maindasitiri kushandisa michina zvikumbiro uyewo zvokutengeserana zvigadzirwa. Pakati zvikuru nevanhu vari internet optic sensors, napedyo sensors, uye kuchengeteka chiedza keteni sensors.
Thermal Sensors
Thermal sensors ndangariro kuti abudise chinhu zvemagetsi chiratidzo semhinduro tembiricha kana nokuchinja tembiricha. Vane chinokosha kuti maindasitiri mafomu kuti zvinoda feeback kugara Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri tembiricha uchishandisa siyana. Chero pamusoro-tembiricha kuverengwa vanogona zvino kuchaguma shutdown pamusoro muchina vavaitire upenyu uye kuramba yakachengeteka kubasa. The maviri Mhando chikuru chafariz sensors vari tembiricha sensors uye mwando sensors.

Vatyairi vari vakazvitsaurira zvinotakura. Vari optimized kutinhisa imwe Michina mhuri kana kukurukurirana mureza uye nyore magadzirirwo imwe hombe ezvinhu kuburikidza pakutevedzera zvose kuMudzidzisi protocols uye magetsi zvinodiwa. Somuenzaniso, imwe akatungamirira mutyairi offloads mukuru ano kunobva / singi Zvinorayirwa kubva CPU / AP GPIOs uye padenga rokuti mutyairi. Inowanikwa zvinoriumba ingasanganisira vatyairi uye vagamuchiri (transceivers), izvo-chinja zvinoriumba zvinogona kushandiswa kushandisa kukurukurirana paIndaneti uye vave repeaters.

In zvemagetsi, imwe opto-isolator, kunonziwo imwe optocoupler, photocoupler, kana Manyiminya isolator, ndiko chinoumba kuti Transfers zviratidzo zvemagetsi pakati nematunhu maviri kure nokushandisa light.Opto-isolators kudzivisa yakakwirira voltages kubva kukanganisa hurongwa kugamuchira signal.Commercially iripo opto-isolators kutsungirira chiyamuro-kuti-goho voltages anosvika 10 kVand voltage transients pamwe aimhanya anosvika 25 KV / μs.

A zvakafanana mhando opto-isolator ine zana zvakatungamirira uye phototransistor zvakafanana opaque pasuru. Mamwe panobva-Switch anofambidzana zvinosanganisira akatungamirira-photodiode, akatungamirira-LASCR, uye mwenje-photoresistor yezvinoita. Kazhinji opto-isolators kuchinjwa digitaalinen (pamusoro-kure) anonongedzera, asi vamwe nzira kuvabvumira kuti kushandiswa analoginen anonongedzera.

Light Emitting Diodes anoshandisa chakasimba-hurumende chiedza michina kubereka chiedza kuburikidza nyaya zvikukutu, chaizvoizvo munhu semiconductor. Izvi Anovagarisa nezvimwe zvinyorwa chiedza akadai incandescent Mabumba (kuburikidza Vacuum) kana chiine fluorescent Mabumba (kuburikidza negasi). Chinokosha mashandiro chiedza kugadzirwa Anomhanyira Band-to-Band recombination kana nemwaranzi.